Ladies and gentlemen, the scenic area we are approaching to is Chengyang scenic area. There are eight famous stockade villages here that offer a peek into the Dong's life and customs. These villages are Ma'an, Ping, Dongzhai,Dazhai, Pingpu, Pingtan, Jichang and dong village. Chengyang scenic area lies in Sanjiang County in Liuzhou, about 19 kilograms to the county seat. Here live about 10000 people, which belong to three different administrative villages. Major scenic spots here include ethnic villages, wind and rain bridges, and stilted bamboo houses, wooden houses projecting over the water, Drum Towers and terraced fields, we can also appreciate performances by the Dong people. But what is the most exciting part in the coming journey? Dong Folk Songs，the Multi-part folk songs . People accredit it sounds of nature” and “music from heaven.。 _H2%6t/V
女士們先生們，我們要游覽的下一個景點是由八個侗族村寨組成的民俗風情村寨大觀——程陽八寨景區(qū)。八寨分別是馬安寨、平坦寨、平寨、巖寨、東寨、大寨、平甫寨、吉昌寨。景區(qū)位于柳州市三江縣境內，距縣城19公里，主要景點有：侗族村寨、風雨橋、吊腳樓、鼓樓和梯田,在這里我們還將欣賞到獨具特色的侗族歌舞。當然，此行最值得期待的還是被譽為天籟之音的侗族大歌。 4L6'4ts
For there is still a little while to reach the scenic area, I would like to introduce our itinerary. G-T2b,J [
這里到景區(qū)還有一段車程，我先簡要介紹一下我們的行程。 u#34mg..
Well, first we will visit the famous wind and rain bridge, the Drum Towers ，then, there will be a corroboree in Dong style. After that, we have about 20 minutes looking around. We will leave for Mapang County at about 16:40, so, if you leave the whole group for some reason, make sure to re-join the group before a half past sixteen.. L/J)OJe\
到達景區(qū)后我們將先參觀程陽風雨橋和鼓樓，接著與侗族人民一起狂歡，最后，將利用二十分鐘的時間參觀部分的侗寨。大約在16：30集合。 Z0%Qy+%
The building in sight is Chengyang wind and Rain Bridge, the main entrance to the village. The local people have been there waiting for us，dressed in style ，singing and dancing，showing their acclaim in their own Forms。 q ]o ^Y
眼前我們看到的就是程陽風雨橋了，它是進入村寨的主要通道之一。熱情的侗族人民已經身著盛裝，載歌載舞，在風雨橋前迎候我們。 '&$xLZ8
Chengyang Bridge is also called Yongji（means irrigate this area forever） Bridge or Panlong Bridge. It was built in 1916, and it is the best one among the wind and rain bridges in Dong stockade villages. At present, it is the largest wind and rain bridge also it is the crystal of Dong people's wisdom; it is one of the artistic precious things of Chinese wood architecture. w[wrZ:[
程陽風雨橋橋也叫做永濟橋或盤龍橋（永濟，顧名思義，永遠灌溉，永遠造福此地）。此橋始建于1916年，是侗族風雨橋中的上乘之作，也是目前最大的風雨橋，它是侗族人民智慧的結晶，是中國木結構建筑藝術的瑰寶。 v81H!c.*
This bridge is made of wood and stone, making it a large bridge stretching across the Linxi River, having 5 stone-made large columns. Fir and wood board cover the surface of the bridge. Moreover, the bridge is 64.4 meters long, 3.4 meters wide and 10.6 meters high. mxV0$'Fm
程陽橋為木石結構，有五個石砌的橋墩橫跨林溪河之上（事實上只有三個橋墩，兩頭的兩座是橋基，但是橋基不好翻譯）。橋長64.4米，寬3.4米。高10.6米，橋面鋪設杉木長板。 -?$Hr\
Both sides of the bridge are inlayed with railing, so the whole bridge looks like a long corridor; in the bridge, there are 5 tower-like kiosks with many horns. The brims of the kiosks rise like stretching wings; the pilaster, tile brims and carved flowe r and pictures are magnificent. do1aH$Iw
風雨橋兩側均有護欄，形成長廊式的走道。橋上有五座多邊形的橋亭。橋亭上有多層飛檐，亭柱、屋檐造型獨特，花卉等圖案雕刻華美。 NamP\hj
The whole bridge is grand, like a brilliant rainbow, the most amazing thing in its construction is that no nails were used in the building of the whole bridge; pieces of wood in the bridge are closely jointed. Long stools were set up on both sides of the bridge for people to rest. From the stools where people sat you could see the Linxi River windingly flow; on both sides of the river it was full of tea forest and green woods on the sloping hills. Also you could see that the peasants were working in the plantations; there is also a reservoir on one side of the river. ,:QzFMV
整座橋氣勢恢宏，如彩虹飛架。最奇特的是整座橋不用一枚鐵釘，全賴卯榫接合。橋兩側設有長凳供行人歇息，坐在長凳上，只見寬闊的林溪河安靜地流淌，兩岸低矮平緩的山坡上種滿了茶樹和其他綠樹，大家看，一些農民正在山坡上的種植園里辛勤勞作。河的另一側還有一座不大的水庫。 gz?]]-H
Now, please look forward, the Splendorous multi-story pagoda-like building in front is the most important building inner the Dong Village, the drum tower. &K_5.7-56
請大家往前方看，那座宏偉的多層塔式建筑就是侗寨內最重要的建筑——鼓樓。 j~eYq
The drum Tower is constructed of wood and built without nails，it is the largest building in the village. +|N!(H
鼓樓為木結構，不用一枚鐵釘，是侗寨內最大的建筑。 Q3M;'m
On the second floor, there we can see the most important and precious object in the Drum Tower，a large skin drum that gives Drum Towers their name. The drum is used to summon the villagers if something urgent happens in the village. GB1[`U%
鼓樓的二層放置著一件很貴重的物品，一個巨大的牛皮長鼓，長鼓的作用是在發(fā)生緊急情況的時候召集民眾。 =rV*iLy
Ordinarily, the tower is a place for the villagers to relax, hold ceremonies, greet guests, and do some recreation activities. But it is also used as a meeting room to discuss the important issues of the village. During festivals, the villagers will gather together in front of the Drum Tower, singing, dancing and performing on the Lusheng, which is a reed pipe wind instrument used by the Miao, Yao, and Dong Nationalities. @aU%1h5W;l
通常情況下，鼓樓是侗族人民休息、舉行典禮、待客或者舉行娛樂活動的地方（有兩個新建的鼓樓好像是要錢才能進去的，其他的可以帶客人進去參觀），不過這里也會用作會議室。每逢節(jié)慶，村民們會在鼓樓前的打谷場集會。唱侗歌，跳蘆笙舞，蘆笙是一種流行于苗族、瑤族、侗族等少數(shù)民族之中的管弦樂器。 ^mLZT*
The local people is gathering on the threshing ground in front of the tower，they are singing square songs, they are preparing a performance for their honored guests, yes, they are waiting for us. But before joining it, I have some words to remind you, after the performance, please stay here, in front of the tower, we will continue with our excursion. Thank you. !7MC[z(|N
看，侗族人民已經在鼓樓前的打谷場集合，他們唱起了歡快的廣場歌，準備為遠道而來的尊貴客人奉上最熱烈的歌舞，最精彩的表演。不過，在我們加入侗族人民的狂歡之前，還有一件事要交代大家，歌舞之后請大家回到鼓樓前面集合，我們將繼續(xù)參觀侗寨。謝謝大家。 x:W nF62
Please tell us something about Dong Big Songs. At~ )
請講解一下侗族大歌。（兵法有云：虛則實之，實則虛之，所以taotao的建議是，把你準備的最好的，而且又比較重要的一點在講解中故意一言掠過，引誘考官提問，一旦考官問到，我們就可以滔滔不絕啦） HSE3s8
Big So ngs is some a type of Dong Folk Songs. Actually there are big songs, small songs, square songs, ballads, “drinking songs and passage songs in Dong-style Folk Songs. When we are approaching to the village, the songs they sang are passage songs. gWm -}Nb4
The big songs are Multi-part folk songs, usually a pair of or a group of people singing two or more parts simultaneously. 1|)l6#hOL
Dong Folk Songs in Sanjiang are generally unaccompanied，and there is no director. most Big songs imitate natural voices or sounds, such as Bugs Buzz, the cries of animals、birds, the sounds of winds, the murmuring streams and so on, which reflects how Dong people love the nature, how do they love piece， there for, people regard Big Songs as People and Nature in harmony. uMl.}t2uYu
大歌是侗族民歌中的一種，其他還有小歌、廣場歌、敘事歌、酒會歌、攔路歌、開路歌（這個taotao不會翻譯），他們在程陽橋前面迎接我們的時候所唱的就是攔路歌。 mM.-MIp
大歌屬于多聲部歌曲，通常是一對或一組歌手同時唱出兩個或兩個以上聲部。 ?4%'6R
三江的大歌一般是不用伴奏的，并且不用指揮。（好像很多其他地方的侗寨是要用樂器的，也有用一片很光滑的樹葉伴奏的accompanied by a glossy leaf）侗族大歌多模擬鳥叫蟲鳴、高山流水等自然的聲音，因為侗族人民熱愛自然，熱愛和平，因此，大歌被譽為自然與人文的和諧之美。

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